خطبۂ اقبال "مسلم ثقافت کی روح" کا نیا تناظر : محمدسہیل عمر کی تعبیر کا تجزیاتی مطالعہ

New Perspective of Iqbal's Lecture "The Spirit of Muslim Culture": Analytical Study of Muhammad Sohail Umar’s Interpretation

Abstract

This study explores the philosophical and cultural insights presented by Allama Muhammad Iqbal in his fifth lecture titled "The Spirit of Muslim Culture." Delivered during a time of Muslim decline in British India, Iqbal’s lectures aimed at reviving the intellectual and spiritual heritage of Muslims. The paper reviews key themes, such as the relationship between prophecy and sainthood, the nature of revelation, and the role of Muslim culture in the advancement of human consciousness. It also examines the significance of intellectual dynamism within Islam, contrasting it with static philosophical traditions, and emphasizes Iqbal's call for a rejuvenation of Islamic thought through *ijtihad* (independent reasoning). By critiquing the cultural stagnation and promoting a forward-thinking Islamic philosophy, Iqbal envisioned a revitalized Muslim identity capable of contributing to global progress. The commentary delves into various interpretations by scholars such as Sohail Umar, highlighting both alignment and criticism of Iqbal’s ideas, particularly on prophecy, sainthood, and intellectual inquiry in Islamic tradition.