Journal of Advanced Corpus-Oriented Research

A Meta-Analysis of Corpus-Based Approaches to CDA: Pakistani and International Perspectives (2015–2025)

Rubeena Ghaffar — 2025-12-30

This article presents a comprehensive meta-analysis of corpus-based approaches to Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) by synthesizing empirical research from Pakistani and international contexts between 2015 and 2025. Critical Discourse Analysis is a multidisciplinary research paradigm that explores how language constructs and reflects power, ideology, and inequality. When combined with corpus linguistics (CL), CDA gains methodological rigor by integrating computational tools, such as concordance, collocation, frequency analysis, and keyword analysis. The present study systematically reviews ten research articles, five from Pakistan and five from global contexts, to examine methodological designs, corpus compilation strategies, analytical frameworks, and thematic foci. Findings reveal that Pakistani studies often emphasize political, educational, and media discourses but face limitations due to underdeveloped corpora and a lack of digitization in regional languages. International research, by contrast, benefits from advanced corpus resources and large datasets but risks cultural misinterpretation and excessive reliance on quantitative techniques. The study contributes to theoretical advancement by mapping the synergy between CDA and corpus linguistics, methodological innovation through identifying strengths and gaps, and pedagogical utility by offering a synthesized framework for future research. Implications include the need for multilingual corpus development in Pakistan, qualitative–quantitative integration in international studies, and cross-cultural comparisons to enhance validity and inclusivity. Ultimately, corpus-based CDA demonstrates considerable potential for analyzing ideology, representation, and power across a wide range of discourses, though its effectiveness depends on balancing computational rigor with critical interpretation.

From Nativeness to Intelligibility: A Longitudinal Self-Study on the Evolution of Pronunciation Pedagogy in TEFL

Pedro Luis Luchini — 2025-12-30

Over several decades, pronunciation teaching in a TEFL program at a public university in Mar del Plata, Argentina, has gradually shifted from a focus on native-like accuracy to an emphasis on intelligibility. This longitudinal self-study documents the main pedagogical changes that shaped this transition. Innovations such as task-based pronunciation teaching (TBPT), research-led activities (RLAs), the multimodal assessment task (MAT), and self-assessment strategies promoted learner autonomy, strengthened pronunciation skills, and built stronger links between theory and practice. Later stages introduced the PFIAP model, a structured framework moving learners from perception to production, and incorporated Intercultural Communicative Competence (ICC) to address global communication needs. Framed within an Action Research (AR) methodology, the study highlights the value of reflective and research-informed approaches. Findings show the benefits of integrating communicative, multimodal, and intercultural perspectives in pronunciation teaching. While the study provides insights into innovative practices, its self-study design and context-specific scope limit generalizability. Future research could further explore the long-term effects of these methods across diverse educational settings.

A Corpus-Based Stylistic Study of PACOP: Analyzing Nationalism, Love, and Unity in Pakistani Patriotic Anthems

Prof. dr. Max Louwerse — 2025-12-30

This research investigates the linguistic and stylistic characteristics of the Pakistani Patriotic Anthems Corpus of Pakistan (PACOP), concentrating on themes of nationalism, love, unity, and sacrifice. A stylistic analysis based on corpus data is utilized to explore the patterns of figurative language and their significance in forming a patriotic narrative. Through a qualitative examination of texts, important stylistic devices such as metaphor, simile, personification, imagery, alliteration, repetition, allusion, and euphemism are analyzed. Data derived from the PACOP corpus is organized in comprehensive tables, followed by specific discussions that emphasize the prevalence and context of these devices. The findings reveal that stylistic features play a crucial role in generating emotional engagement and are fundamental in crafting national identity and shared memory. This study contributes to the comprehension of patriotic language as a means for ideological articulation and emotional mobilization.

Gender Differences in The Use of Hedges by Writers in Selected Pakistani Newspapers: A Corpus-Based Study of The Express Tribune and The Dawn

Iftikhar Khan — 2025-12-30

This paper investigates the uses of hedges by Pakistani writers in The Express Tribune and The Dawn Newspaper. Hedges are words that speakers or writers use to express uncertainty and tentativeness in their language. A corpus of 28 articles was compiled for the study. The raw data were then cleaned and converted into text files. To find out hedges, each text file was uploaded to Metapak that produced a list of hedges used in each article. This list was further refined by removing undesired words. The study reveals that the writers of both newspapers used a total of forty-eight hedges. It uncovers that the male contributors use more hedges than the female contributors and that The Dawn Newspaper employs more hedges than The Express Tribune. Both writer-oriented and reader-oriented hedges were observed across the two newspapers. The study concludes that Pakistani English newspapers employ hedging practices in the writing. The study is limited by its small sample size and focus on only two newspapers, suggesting the need for broader research across larger datasets and diverse media outlets.

A Critical Discourse Analysis of Political Speeches: A CDA examination of Imran’s and Arden’s Speeches at the UN and General Assembly

Mahnoor Fatima — 2025-12-30

This paper investigates the uses of hedges by Pakistani writers in The Express Tribune and The Dawn Newspaper. Hedges are words that speakers or writers use to express uncertainty and tentativeness in their language. A corpus of 28 articles was compiled for the study. The raw data were then cleaned and converted into text files. To identify hedges, each text file was uploaded to Metapak, which generated a list of hedges used in each article. This list was further refined by removing undesired words. The study reveals that the writers of both newspapers used a total of forty-eight hedges. It uncovers that the male contributors use more hedges than the female contributors and that The Dawn Newspaper employs more hedges than The Express Tribune. Both writer-oriented and reader-oriented hedges were observed across the two newspapers. The study concludes that Pakistani English newspapers employ hedging practices in their writing. The study is limited by its small sample size and focus on only two newspapers, suggesting the need for broader research across larger datasets and diverse media outlets.

Meta-analysis Of Corpus-based Approaches In Phonology: Trends, Tools, And Theoretical Implications

Muhammad Nadeem Chohan — 2025-12-30

This meta-analytic review synthesizes findings from 15 empirical studies published between 2013 and 2024, focusing on corpus-based methodologies in phonological research. The analysis reveals a growing trend in applying spoken corpora, tools such as Praat and WebMAUS, and learner speech datasets to investigate segmental and suprasegmental features. Studies included in the meta-analysis employed diverse pedagogical frameworks, particularly Corpus-Based Language Pedagogy (CBLP), to improve pronunciation instruction in EFL/ESL contexts. The findings suggest that corpus tools significantly enhance pronunciation accuracy, phonetic awareness, and learner autonomy. Moreover, the integration of spoken corpora into instruction has theoretical implications for phonological models that emphasize usage-based, data-driven insights. This review highlights methodological patterns, evaluates pedagogical and theoretical contributions, and identifies future directions for research in corpus-informed phonological instruction.