Al-Irfan

غرائب القرآن میں اشعار عرب سے استشہاد (سیرت ِ ابنِ ہشام کا خصوصی مطالعہ)

Humaira Naz, Dr. Khurshid Rizvi — Fri, 30 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Strange science and its importance in understanding the meanings of the Quran” deals with the importance authenticity and authority of old words called: “Ilm Gharaib-ul-Quran’’ or “Mufrada tul Quran’’ to understand the meanings of the Holy Quran. This is one of the most important scenic of the Quranic sciences.

Poetry was the charisma of Arabs.it was the major part of their temperament and nature.it was the reason they called themselves Afsah ul Lisan(the most eloquent).keeping in view this eminence, the rules and principles of language were defined and prescribed. To understand the holy Quran,the Arabic literature specifically Arabic poetry proved to be useful in all ages. Like the interpreters, the biographers also resorted to the Kalam ul Arab(Arabic language)to understand the meaning of the Holy Quran

Ibn e Hisham in his book “Al Seerat un Nabawiyya”(the biography of the Prophet),presented the biographical features with the help of Arabic poetry. He also referred to the Arabic poetry to explain the Gharaib۔ ul۔ Quran of the relevant chapters (Suras) in the context of various matters of Prophet`s life. This paper is an attempt to highlight contribution of Ibn .e.Hisham who has presented different poets as an evident to express diverse notions and concepts.

قرآنی سیرت نگاری کے اصول: تجزیاتی مطالعہ

Asifa Aslam, Prof. Dr. Ghulam Shams-ur-Rehman — Fri, 30 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

The early Sīrah-writings had been recorded in the history chronicle and hadith literature but gradually it developed as an independent discipline to illustrate the various aspects of the life of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon) him. However, an idiosyncratic shift has been observed in the writing and interpretation of the Sīrah during the last two centuries where the events of Sīrah were studied and interpreted under various trends by applying multiple methods to respond to the present challenges posed by the Orientalist or under the internal criticism on non-authentic reports recorded in historical sources. Thus, a valuable plethora of Sīrah literature has been compiled. A desire to record an authentic biography led the Sīrah-writers to present all aspects of the prophetic life as recorded in the Qur’an or at least according to the Qur’anic injunctions. Thus, the trend of Qur’anic Sīrah-writing emerged, and prominent scholars attempted to illustrate the life of the Holy Prophet as depicted in the Qur’an without explicitly devising the foundations and methodology of this discipline. The present study aims to explore the foundations of the Qur’anic Sīrah-Writing through carefully reading the literature produced by the eminent scholars of the field.

اتحاد بین المسلمین کے تناظر میں صحابہ کرام کےاجتہادی اختلافات سےعصرِ حاضر میں استفادہ

Muhammad Hussain, Dr. Muhammad Amin — Fri, 30 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

In this world full of differences, the existence of scientific differences is a natural thing. It should not be a cause of contention .Differences of understanding in the same event can lead to two different opinions, rather it has happened. In the life of Holy prophet whenever there was a problem, they would turn to the Holy Prophet. and sometimes in his absence would also present the ijtihad and jurisprudential opinions about the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) orders . If there was a mistake in their ijtihaad Holy prophet would correct it. Sometimes it would happen that the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) would justify two completely different opinions in a matter. As is the famous incident of performing Asar prayer on the return from the battle of Ahzab. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) told the Sahaba to reach Banu Qurayzah and offer Asar prayer. When it was time for Asar prayer on the way, some of the Companions prayed on the way, fearing that the prayer would be missed. We will not offer prayer because we have been commanded to offer prayer in Banu Qurayzah. The Holy Prophet declared both views to be correct. It was learned that even among the Companions, differences arose on the basis of understanding. And in the event of a disagreement, it is not necessary that only one party be right. On the contrary differences of jurisprudence create ways out of difficulties and difficulties, and religion is the name of ease.

Therefore, the ease lies in this, but also the modern requirement is to accept the hard work and ijtihad of the mujtahideen with an open heart. And not only should their opinions and ideas be imposed on others by force, but they should be given the freedom to act according to any jurisprudence as they wish. Because all schools of thought are part of Islam and not anything else. Disagreements are beneficial if they do not cause unrest. Because it opens up new avenues of progress and knowledge.

برصغیر کی اردو تفاسیر پر تفسیر روح المعانی کے صوفیانہ اثرات

Murad Ali, Dr. Muhammad Imtiaz Hussain — Fri, 30 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

The Holy Quran is Allah Almighty’s final message for mankind. It is a complete guideline in every age till the day of judgement. The Allah Almighty bestowed this Ummah with capable exaggerators of Quran who have tried to make this book understandable for common Muslims. Some of those exaggerators’ work is commendable that lasted its great impact on others. Such great name is Sayyad Mahmood Aalusi who wrote ‘Tafseer Rooh ul Muaani’ during the period of 1252hj – 1267hj. This exaggeration is very comprehensive interpretation of Holy Quran in 30 volumes. It provides detailed notes on problems based on surf, nahv, Faith, Fiqh and Sufism discussed in Holy Quran. It influenced exaggerators came after him so the Urdu exaggerations of subcontinent too. In this article it is showed that Urdu exaggerations in subcontinent were influenced by Tafseer Roh ul Muaani. I have focused on interpretations related to Sufism. I have given many examples in this regard.

آیاتِ مبایعہ کے تناظر میں خواتین کا تربیتی نصاب

Nayyab Gull, Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Imran — Fri, 30 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Islam has given equal importance the both males and females, in its whole teachings. Besides of this, Quran has especially addressed and discussed the women to build their social characters. Ayat-e-Mubaya’a is called a charter of Islamic training, in which Allah Almighty explained five women’s feature those make them positive in their conduct, as well as described the shirk. The five forbidden things: theft, adultery, murder of children, slander and disobedience of good-deeds are the meangs of a peaceful, containing social values and a joyful married life society. By adopting these qualities, women can give birth to a virtuous society.

اہل سنت کے غیرمتداول فقہی مکاتب فکر کا تعارف، اصول استنباط اورمعدوم ہونے کےاسباب (ایک مطالعہ)

Khalid Hameed Khan, Imam-un-Din, Dr. Fazal Ilahi Khan — Fri, 30 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

The chain of prophethood ended with Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. That is, Muhammadiyah Shariat is the last Shariat, no Shariat will come after it. Wherever Allah announced the completion of the religion, He also established the authority of the Prophet's Sunnah. Divine revelation was present in the time of the Prophetﷺ . But the Prophet ﷺopened the door of ijtihad forever for the Muslim Ummah to solve the problems that arose after his death with the idea of the discontinuance of revelation. As a result of which, several jurisprudential religions came into existence. Some of these religions have survived, while others have died out. In the present era, the jurists of the four imams of Ahl al-Sunnah are popular among the people, While most people are unaware of extinct religions. While it is important for the scholars to have knowledge of these uncommon jurisprudential religions, it is also important to realize that the knowledge and jurisprudential stock that was lost with the disappearance of these jurisprudential religions can be understood and searched for again. Earning rights can be used from it. Lack of students, inattention, various political, social, administrative, ideological and regional motivations led to their demise. In this research paper, a brief history of unconventional jurisprudential schools of thought and the reasons for their extinction will be presented.

غیر مسلموں سے تعاون واستفادہ کے ایجابی وسلبی پہلو

Muddassrah Mahmood, Dr. Asia Shabbir — Fri, 30 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Today existential questions of Muslims in current situation is to interpret the Islamic laws in order to help Muslim congregations save face and faith . Since the era of globalization, it is an opportunity for global Islamic resurgence as Muslims cannot avoid Non-Muslim society of the world. To find the solution to current situation lies in the light of Seerah of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) as he preached tolerance for all religions of the world. So he managed some contracts with Jews of Madina very wisely and drew benefits from the Non-Muslims within the scope of Islamic teaching. Thus in this current situation Quran and Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W ) act as a mental bulwark against various element that would damage Muslim community from within or produce chaos and oblivion as end goals. The methodology of my research is analytical and deductive. I will highlight that there is complete liberty in seeking benefits from Non-Muslims by maintaining admissible and inadmissible aspects in Islam.

Keywords: Mulims, Non-Muslims, Seerah, globalization, benefits.

نظام انصاف کے بارے میں اسلامی نقطہ نظر

Umer Shahid, Prof. Dr. Nawaz Hassani — Fri, 30 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Islam is the religion of nature. Whether nature is related to man or the universe, the image of beauty and balance and proportion and moderation is very clear and prominent in it. Justice is a prominent attribute among the attributes of God, which is manifested in all the manifestations of life and creation. The various creatures and phenomena of this universe exist and are maintained due to nature of justice. Since man is the highest of creations, he has the greatest need to understand and accept justice. The aspect of justice is prominent in the invitation of the Prophets. In this world of colors and smells, which have been given to man with the powers and powers of discernment and will, justice requires that the ranks of this universe be wrapped up and a day be established where the judgment of human actions will be judged with justice.

The concept of justice in Islamic Sharia consists of two components. One is that balance and proportion should be established in various rights and privileges among mankind. Others are that everyone should be given their rights and their rights should be ensured. Without this concept of justice, an individual or a society or a state faces fatal and serious consequences.

Justice is very important in human life. Justice is the lifeblood of society. If justice goes out of life, then human life becomes hell. Everyone should be given their designated place and respect in the home, relatives and society. Parents, close relatives, neighbors, teachers, weak people of the society and the poor, the young, the rights of all are defined in Sharia and social traditions. Social justice is about giving everyone their rights.

قیامِ امن میں جدید ریاستی اداروں کا کردارتعلیمات قرآنی کی روشنی میں ایک تجزیہ

Dr. Ghulam Rasool Zahid, Dr. Ali Akbar Al-Azhari — Fri, 30 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Maintenance of peace and security has always remained the foundational justification for the existence of any state, and more so in a modern state of present day world. Hence the institutions responsible for this fundamental state obligation have pivotal role to play in this regard. The glorious Quran provides more than adequate guidance for modern state institutions to ensure in a systematic and organized manner the promotion of maroof and containment of munkar. The holy Quran lays down golden principles of strategy for Police, the most significant institution entrusted with this prime responsibility of state. The legislative institutions and Criminal Justice System have ample guidance to formulate policies and strategise implementation mechanism in the light of Quranic teachings. The Quranic guidance for the crucial institution of ihtisaab bestows principled and pragmatic outlines for the effective and meaningful functioning for strict vigilance and performance of these state institutions.

Life, Death, and Sanctity of Life according to Islamic Literature and Medical Science: A Comparative Study

Aysha Naeem, Prof. Dr. Sultan Shah — Fri, 30 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Muslims scrutinize life as a consecration of Allah the Almighty. It is an imperative gift from the Lord for every human being. Islam stresses on asylum and the respect of life of not only Muslims but non-Muslims as well. An Aseptic life is another gift of Allah the Almighty. The last epistle of The Holy Qur’ān, revealed to the Prophet Muhammad (upon whom be peace and greeting) explicits the sanctity of the life of human beings again and again. The recapitulation of verses signifies the prestige of human life. In the contemporary age, research in Medical Science has attained worthwhile importance. The innovations in the field of medical science have made some issues extremely exigent. Such types of mechanical means have been invented which are the substitute for vital functions of life and imitate the functions of some organs of human beings e.g. Respirators, mechanical hearts, and dialysis machines which are capable of continuing a proper functioning life. So it is decisive to present a comparative analysis of life, death, and sanctity of life to prospect their significance according to Islamic literature and medical science to sort out the issues like euthanasia, abortion, infanticide, and removing mechanical support. It also abates the issues for doctors and also makes it effortless for caretakers of the patient.

Colonization of India and Muslims response through Socio-religious movements

Razia Yasmeen — Fri, 30 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

This Article argues that during the colonial period, Muslims of India faced challenges but this period also produced notable individuals who have overcome barriers and contributed in the social, religious, and political resurgence of India's Muslims . In response to colonial tyranny, Muslims in South Asia have had three reactions: rejection, acceptance, and integration, as well as practical usage. During the British military and political domination over India, various Islamic socio-religious movements arose. They not only influenced Indians, but also sparked a movement of nationalism among India's Muslims. In this article, we looked at the Muslim socio-religious movements that affected Indian Muslim society throughout the colonial rule in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. This article examines the responses of several Indian Muslims socio-religious movements to Colonial oppression in the Indo-Pak peninsula. It argues that socio-religious organizations provided new perspectives to religion throughout the British regime. Muslims had a greater sense of social service as movements took up disaster relief, school construction, orphanages, and hospitals. This study refutes the generally accepted view that Islam remained static in nineteenth-century India and that considerable cultural change occurred only as a result of the acceptance of Enlightenment ideals.

THE ROLE OF PUNJABI POETS IN THE UNIVERSAL SUFISM WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE OF PEACEFUL COEXISTENCE

Dr. Sobia Aslam, Muhammad Riaz — Fri, 30 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

The vital role has been played by the Sufi poets for universal peaceful coexistence. Islam as religion flourished under the umbrella of mysticism. Sufis of various schools of thoughts associated with people because they were human being with caring their race, color, creed and even their religion did not matter. They used the public mode of expression; poetry in the local languages and in this regard Punjabi poets occupy the highest rank. They preached love and peace for all in a very popular and simple language and avoid any kind of philosophical labyrinth. People that were suppressed and oppressed gathered round them as they felt sheltered there. In this article we clarify the role of Punjabi Sufi Poets in the universal Sufism with the special reference of peaceful coexistence. An analytical type of research methodology is adopted to make it clear that the Punjabi poets did a lot to preach love and peace that afterwards became the part of the movement that brought Islam all over the world.

The United Nations a Myth of Human rights with reference to the injunctions of Islam

Amir Nadeem, Dr. Shaukat Hussain Bhatti — Fri, 30 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Abstract: -

Human Rights’ history is as old as the human himself is. When we look into the origin of human rights, it appears lucid that with the Creation of Mankind, Allah Almighty has bestowed some rights on His Supreme Creature. Therefore, the discussion on the subject is not new. Fundamental Rights as well as an appraisal on the topic, a misconception always haunts the mind that the origin of human rights has been detailed in the 19^th century when the United Nations came into existence on 26^th June 1945. This paper illuminates that the myth regarding human rights is based on the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) adopted by the United Nations General Assembly Session held on 10^th December 1948 in France after World War II. First time in the history of mankind, an organized and well-integrated effort has been made to recognize human rights worldwide and almost every nation in the world realizes the sensitivity of this issue. On the other hand, when we take stock of the last Sermon of Hazrat Muhammad (SAW), delivered on 10 A.H. (623AD) in Makkah, it was the first-ever Human Right Charter. This article reveals that it is not the West (United Nations) that introduced the human laws for the welfare of humanity rather this is Allah Almighty who has given the human rights attached with some responsibilities to be performed with the creation of the human race on this planet. This paper paves the way to give an overall view of this reality by removing the myth/ illusion that it is the United Nations that chanted human rights. I seek to take this sensitive issue keeping in view the prevalent scenario of the West which raised voices against Islam on one pretext or the other. The prime objective of this article is to unfurl the riddle of this United Nations’ myth and to solidify the notion that Muhammad (SAW) in his last sermon had given the postmodern code of human rights.

Keys words: - international law, Islamic law, United Nations, Domestic law, Human Rights

Human Resource Management in the Era of Caliph ʿUmaribnKhaṭṭāb (R.A.) [13AH-23AH]

Faiza Kiran, Dr. Abid Nadeem — Fri, 30 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Human Resource Management is basically a system that influences the workforce. It consists of the acquisition, development, motivation, and maintenance of the available human resource in an organization. Islam integrates spiritual and material progress. It urges its followers to perform their duties at their best. Human resources are considered as the main capital in thedevelopment of a company. But Islamic teachings command that employees are not just a servant, they are valuable assets. Islamic teachings provide the knowledge and understanding of all principles related to recruitment and selection, performance appraisal, training and development, and reward etc. These all have been applied in the Islamic history, it was noticed in the Era of Rāshidūn Caliphate especially in the tenure of the second caliph ʿUmaribnKhaṭṭāb(r.a). He set an exemplary management of Human Resources in the best possible way. A brief introduction to the various cadres and departments during his reign related to Human Resource Management is given below.