Journal of Professional Research in Social Sciences

Exclusive Economic Zone & Maritime Potential of Pakistan

Ayesha Amir — 2022-12-30

Pakistan’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) is greatly important for economic development because of having plentiful resources. In the past, very little attention has been paid to the marine sector due to which its utility could not be considered. Under the aegis of SMEDA & United Nation Development Program shed light on the marine sector. Government policies were made but not fully implemented, resulting in resources are still untapped. Less coordination among authorities of different harbors in Pakistan leads to failure. China-Pakistan's relationship is largely leading to development in EEZ. Pakistan can be able to achieve an incredible position in the national and international seafood market which in turn will stimulate the nation’s economy. The reason is, stakeholders do not have enough awareness, the government made attempts for land resources whereas attempts for sea resources have never been made as for land resources. Policies and decisions are wisely made for land resources, but unfortunately, the maritime sector is being overlooked just because of less research, negligence of the government, less coordination among concerning departments as well as inadequate capability in terms of technical aspects. Pakistan is suffering from a kind of Sea Blindness.

Impact of Globalization on Political Development of SAARC Countries

Muhammad Umair Amjad — 2022-12-30

Globalization has largely played its role in connecting and reshaping the entire world. It has influenced the lifestyles of people and the political cultures and systems as well. Moreover, it has also brought about a revolution in the political systems across the globe at large and especially in the political systems of SAARC countries in particular. In the past, there was a time when monarchial governments were existed and nobody had the right to express his viewpoint or criticize the government policies. Now the entire scenario has changed the political dimensions. Democracy as a political system has been adopted by most of the societies in this digital age. It has become successful where people are well educated and well aware of their fundamental rights. The problem lies in the level of evolution: living standard, human development index and democracy index of the SAARC nations. Smooth political developments can be made only in democratic elected governments. It is slow and gradual but continuous on-going process. This study examines and highlight the impact of globalization on the political development of SAARC countries. The primary study deploys the qualitative research method along with constructivism as philosophical approach. Moreover, the data for this study shall be compiled through content analysis.

Indian Naval Expansion and its Strategic Partnership with US in the Indian Ocean Region: Implications for Pakistan

Dr. Sadia Rafique — 2022-12-30

India's quest for extraordinary power status is submitted in changing its naval force into a blue water navy alongside cutting edge stages to secure the vital public interests in Indian Sea. There are wide range of naval operations that are supported by naval diplomatic exercises like Assured Second Strike Capability. These developments in conventional asymmetries among the regional navies indicate that a strategic imbalance is growing in Indian Ocean shifting the balance of power towards India. This paper explores the maritime strategies of India in various dimensions. This study also aims to find how India made alignment or alliances with USA in achieving its desired policies. It is also tried to cover implications for Pakistan in this regard. To achieve these objectives key indicators of realism are used in theoretical framework. An extensive literature available was synthesized as well. At the end a comprehensive analysis is made while suggesting key recommendations later.

Revisiting the Pak-Iran Relations and Necessity of Recreating New Behavior: Challenges, Prospects, Future

Dr. Syed Nouman Shah — 2022-12-30

Iran, our brother Islamic neighbor state, has always supported Pakistan through thick and thin. Pakistan and Iran are making efforts to improve their bilateral relations on all fronts, particularly by increasing economic cooperation as well as strengthening defense partnership. The bilateral trade between the both countries has received a setback in recent years owing to various factors, including the sanctions being imposed on Iran by the USA. There is a dire need to set aside all the differences and work closely to uplift each other’s economy as there is globally a policy shift towards geo-economic more instead of geo-strategic. Pakistan and Iran strongly require to develop unwavering cordial relations in the contemporary era. This thing will also play a crucial role in transforming the fate of the South Asian region. This paper deconstructs the broad-spectrum of Pakistan-Iran relations and elucidates the current challenges and future possibilities for the two nations.

Problematics of Pak-Afghan relationships

Amjad Ata — 2022-12-30

My article main goal is to analyses the problematic Pakistan–Afghanistan relationship. Since Pakistan's establishment in 1947, Afghanistan has been armed as a permanent united force for policy, and this has been represented as the main cause of our tense relationship. Although Afghanistan is Pakistan's neighbours, there has always been hostility between the two countries. The main problem is that the administration can recognize Durand line dispute. However, the ethnic group in Afghanistan does not accept the Durand Line as an international border. Nevertheless, Afghanistan uses this border to conduct trade with Pakistan and engage in other activities. Negation and bilateral communication can strengthen relationships. As the deadline for resolving the Taliban Durand Line other objectives approaches in this worrying circumstance, Pakistan and Afghanistan must sit down together in admiration.